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  • How is palm oil extracted in Nigeria?
  • The large scale processors attached to the estate mills offer high yields of 75% oil extracted of the available oil (PIND, 2011). However, more than 75% of the crude palm oil produced in Nigeria is still obtained thanks to traditional methods. SPO and PKO are the main inputs for secondary processing.
  • Do palm oil extracts have a different carotenoid content?
  • Visual inspection of oils indicated that the palm oils extracted with ethanol were more colorless than those from propane or Soxhlet extraction, suggesting a possible variation on the carotenoid content in the palm oil depending on the extraction method/solvent. Table 4 presents the results of the beta-carotene concentration in the oils extracted.
  • How are fatty acids converted into methyl esters in palm oil?
  • The fatty acids present in the palm oil were converted into its methyl esters through derivatization with boron trifluoro methanol reactant (BF3/MeOH) according to the methodology described in the standard AOAC 969.33 (AOAC, 1997).
  • How do you remove solvent from ethanol extract solution?
  • For the experiments using ethanol (as pure solvent or in mixture with propane), the solvent was removed from the extract solution by gentle evaporation (temperature lower than 323 K at ambient pressure) in an oven up to constant weight of the sample.