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  • Is palm oil biodiesel sustainable in Indonesia?
  • Prioritizing the sustainability of palm oil biodiesel implementation in Indonesia would require diversification of biodiesel feedstock, research, and development to assure biodiesel quality, and a mathematical model to solve the problem of biodiesel distribution.
  • Who facilitates palm biodiesel development in Indonesia?
  • Several key institutions and governmental bodies which facilitate the palm biodiesel development in Indonesia include (1) the government represented by the MEMR, (2) Indonesian Oil Palm Estate Fund Agency (BPDPKS), (3) the biodiesel industry, and (4) Pertamina as the state-owned oil and gas company.
  • Where is Indonesian palm biodiesel produced?
  • Currently, most Indonesian palm biodiesel production mainly takes place in Sumatra and Java, with a production capacity of around 7337 and 2983 million L, respectively (Fig. 5). This is because oil palm plantation is mainly located in Sumatra.
  • Is a biodiesel policy affecting forest and land governance in Indo-Nesia?
  • orato-rium policy presents a notable hurdle to forest and land governance in Indo-nesia. The amplified domestic demand for palm oil, based on the policy of us-ing 30% biodiesel (B30) for all sectors by 2025, pursuant to Minister of En-ergy and Mineral Resources (ESDM) R gulation Number 12 of 2015, is driving up the risk of expansion o
  • What is palm oil biodiesel economic model?
  • The palm oil biodiesel economic model can be assessed by life cycle analysis (LCA) of palm oil production. This LCA is vital to quantify the feedstock consumed, energy, and emissions released at each step during biodiesel production.
  • Does Indonesia need a biodiesel supply chain?
  • Therefore, it can be concluded that Indonesia’s biodiesel supply chain needs to be solved to make biodiesel distribution more efficiently conducted. Palm biodiesel still has some technical challenges despite having tremendous superiorities over petroleum-based diesel fuel.